114 - Irradiation Sterilization, Gamma, X-Ray, E-Beam, Dosimeters, and Combination Products with Jeanne Moldenhauer
Jeanne Moldenhauer, Vice President at Excellent Pharma Consulting, explains the technical and regulatory nuances of irradiation sterilization for combination products, comparing gamma, e-beam, and x-ray modalities. She details how product density, material degradation (such as free radical formation), and bioburden levels dictate cycle development and dose selection. The discussion covers the shift toward terminal sterilization of finished auto-injectors and pre-filled syringes, highlighting the validation timelines and the critical role of dosimeters in ensuring sterility assurance levels (SAL).