Gigatons of Impact: Why Climate Hardware Needs Catalytic Capital
Johanna Wolfson, Co-founder and General Partner at Azolla Ventures, explains why traditional venture capital fails to support early-stage climate hardware due to long timelines and high capital outlays. She details how Azolla deploys 'catalytic capital'—tax-exempt, impact-first funds—to de-risk projects like C-motive’s electrostatic motors and Biolumic’s agricultural tech, targeting gigaton-scale CO2 reduction. Wolfson argues that while deployment of existing tech like solar is critical, developing new solutions for super-pollutants (methane, nitrous oxide) and adaptation is essential to meet 2050 goals, advising founders to plan for smaller rounds and global markets amid current US policy uncertainty.