62. AI Powered Devices For Saving Lives & Studying Oceans

The Next Byte Podcast · 22 Mar 2022 · 29m

AI in practice: 3 real uses of AI described

What this episode covers

Hosts Daniel and Farbode discuss two AI-powered hardware projects: a handheld surgical robot from MIT and Mass General Hospital that uses ultrasound and AI to guide needle insertion for trauma care, and a sound-powered marine call identifier from Imperial College London and MIT that uses energy harvesting to identify whale calls. They detail the MIT team's work with Autonom US to democratize emergency medical skills, and the ocean research team's use of tiny ML and piezoelectric harvesting to create sustainable, battery-free sensors.

AI in practice

Where this conversation describes AI being used to build or deliver a product. Part of the AI in practice tracker.

Engineering & simulationTexas Instruments MSP430 (microcontroller)5.4 millijoules per process; 1.3 millowatt draw

The team selected an off-the-shelf microcontroller and optimized the sampling rate and model architecture to enable on-device machine learning inference with extremely low power consumption.

“I'm actually pretty certain that the microcontroller they use. It's like a Texas Instruments MSP 4 something, it's actually available on Mauser. … they change the sampling rate of the audio to match that of the analog to digital converter on the microcontroller that they wanted to use.”

Speaker 2 · Hear it at 19:14

Engineering & simulationAutonom US handheld surgical robotUsers with no experience successfully inserted needles in under one minute

The device uses AI to process noisy ultrasound data and simplify it into a visual interface (rectangle and crosshairs), allowing untrained users to locate blood vessels and insert needles with expert-level success rates.

“It uses ultrasound to help locate the blood vessel, and it uses AI to simplify that data from the ultrasound into a display that is, you know, makes sense to a lay person. … it takes this complex, noisy data and turns it into something really simple…”

Speaker 1 · Hear it at 7:39

Engineering & simulationThomas Neisler's speech recognition algorithmProvided 100s of early warnings; deployment in under 10 minutes

A team used a custom speech recognition algorithm to listen to rural radio broadcasts, identify trigger words for emergencies, and categorize events to trigger automated alerts to city centers.

“using his speech recognition algorithm from his past, it looks for specific trigger words like malaria or flood or other, you know, natural disasters or diseases. It categorizes events as either this is an emergency, you need to respond now…”

Speaker 1 · Hear it at 0:00

Mentioned

Companies
Mouser Electronics, Stellenbosch University, MIT, Massachusetts General Hospital, Autonom US, Imperial College London
Chips
Texas Instruments MSP430
Tools
TensorFlow, Keras

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